a1: Aronson, Jamie. “Iceland.” Our World, 2013. EBSCOhost, library.smcvt.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=88391097&site=eds-live&scope=site.

This article contains a lot of general information about Iceland. It has overviews about statistics and factual information about geology and geography, but also contains information about family life, culture, education, etc. I plan to use this source to learn about the arts and entertainment in Iceland. There is also information on the economy, where I can learn about imports and exports, tourism, and learn more about government. This source will supplement the research that I have done on RUV, on Iceland's government site, and on the BBC. This source is similar to those, but I discovered it through the SMC library search.

 

a2: Árnadóttir, Erna, and Gudmundur Kristmundsson. Literacy In Iceland. European Literacy Policy Network (ELINET), 2016, Literacy In Iceland, www.eli-net.eu/fileadmin/ELINET/Redaktion/user_upload/Iceland_Short_Report1.pdf.

This source is a report on literacy in Iceland as of 2016. This is one of the most recent official reports I could find on the state of media education specifically. Produced by the European Literacy Policy Network, there was so much information in this source about how technology is used at different education levels and how curriculum is set. There were several references to other reports or official documents that had the curriculum outlines in them, but all of them were in Icelandic. Regardless, I was able to get the information I needed from this document. It was extremely helpful in seeing the actual "official" plans that are in place to make sure that technology and digital literacy is incorporated into education in Iceland.

 

a3: Birgir Guðmundsson. “New Realities of Political Communications in Iceland and Norway.” Nordicum-Mediterraneum, Vol 9, Iss 1, p A1 (2014), no. 1, 2014, p. A1. EBSCOhost, library.smcvt.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsdoj&AN=edsdoj.8152627979944c4b030435ba57b9f52&site=eds-live&scope=site.

This source details the changes that the Icelandic political communication system has undergone over time. It comments on the evolution of the technologies used to disseminate information to potential political voters, specifically in Iceland. I used this source when discussing dominant media technologies in the country. There is a section in the article where the author talks about interviews that he conducted with Icelanders to draw conclusions about media use, and in these interviews, discovered that media is used as a vehicle for political agenda setting, with traditional media technologies (television, radio, newspapers) continuing to dictate what was talked about on a given day.  I found that looking at the impact of media on democracy was a good lens to try to understand their landscape through.

 

a4: Jóhannsdóttir, Valgerður, and Jón Gunnar Ólafsson. “The Icelandic News Media in Times of Crisis and Change.” Icelandic Review on Politics & Administration, vol. 14, no. 1, Jan. 2018, p. 189. EBSCOhost, library.smcvt.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=130292786&site=eds-live&scope=site. T

This is an article that I found using the SMC Library database. This source outlines some of the major media changes that Iceland has gone through in history. They make note of and explain key changes that have shifted the media to new places and explain underlying causes. This article was extremely helpful in the media monopolies section, as there is a whole section of the article dedicated to outlining the major media companies (public and private) in the nation. This source was additionally very useful in identifying other sources, especially ones that related to the impact of the media in politics. This was an area that I may not have explored further if I did not realize the significance of it in this article. This source also contained statistics and research data that was helpful to exemplify big ideas.

 

a5: Ohlsson, Jonas. The Nordic Media Market 2015: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden. Nordicom, 2015.

This source is a book that is all about the Nordic Media Landscape as of 2015. This resource is useful in looking at the Nordic region in a general sense. It allows me to understand trends that are happening within the Nordic region, and it is important to my research because, as mentioned in "The Icelandic news media in times of crisis and change," there is not a ton of research being done into the media landscape of Iceland in recent times. This means that looking at the region as a whole is important. This source was published by Nordicom, which is "a non-profit organization that deals with collecting and communicating media and communication research and facts," according to their website. I found several of my sources through this organization, as its main role is to understand and communicate the impact of media on Nordic societies.

 

a6: Ólafur, Hardarson. “Media and Politics in Iceland.” Communicating Politics: Political Communication in the Nordic Countries, by Strömbäck Jesper et al., Nordicom, 2008, pp. 63–82.

This source is a book of articles published by Nordicom on political communication in Iceland. The article I focused on was Media and Politics in Iceland, which I found through “New Realities of Political Communications in Iceland and Norway.” This source gave me perspectives on the old Icelandic media system and how the newspapers were tied to political parties (biased), and then explained how the system evolved over time. It had some information about Iceland's late start in journalistic professionalism. One question it addresses which I find quite relevant to my research is whether independent and professional public service radio and television is an absolute prerequisite for diversity in political communication in small societies. This is where I began to explore the RUV more.

 

a7: “The Official Tourism Information Site for Iceland.” Inspired By Iceland, Promote Iceland, 2018, www.inspiredbyiceland.com/.

This is the official tourist site for all things Iceland, and was created by Promote Iceland for people to learn all about the country. This site has been a major resource for me in all areas - cultural information, statistics, contact information, media, photos, etc. Iceland's government website explains that Promote Iceland is the backbone of the nation branding and marketing for the country in terms of tourism. Visit Iceland is part of Promote Iceland and is the official destination marketing office for Iceland, and I used this source as well. But this site is aiming to attract visitors to the country, whereas Inspired by Iceland is the official destination "brand" for Iceland. This source was extremely helpful for me to a general overview of many big ideas and topics, like renewable energy, culture, geography and geology. But where it was really useful was in the cultural and global skins section. Since this source was a branding material, I learned a lot about how the country brands itself from what was available on their site, specifically in the travel trade section.

 

a8: Statistics Iceland. “Impartiality – Credibility – Service.” Statistics Iceland, 2018, www.statice.is/.

Statistics Iceland is the National Statistical Institute of Iceland. It contains statistics about Iceland in 4 major categories: economic, social, business, and environmental. I was able to find a lot of the statistical information as it related to culture from this source. It was also the source that I would cross check other site with, as it is the official statistics database of the country and its only role is to collect, process, and report data.

 

a9: Valgerður Jóhannsdóttir, and Þorgerður Einarsdóttir. “Gender Bias in the Media: The Case of Iceland.” Stjórnmál Og Stjórnsýsla, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 207-230 (2015), no. 2, 2015, p. 207. EBSCOhost, doi:10.13177/irpa.a.2015.11.2.5.

This source explores the role of women in the media landscape of Iceland, or lack thereof. I thought this source would be really good for exploring gender equality in Iceland and trying to understand how that plays out in the media. According to this article, women are underrepresented in Icelandic media, which is a worldwide trend. Thought the number of women who are journalists and managers in the media industry (power roles) has increased, the proportion of women as the actual subject of the news stories being produces is much lower than the rest of the Nordic countries. Because of this, the article argues that the relationship between gender and news media is much more complicated that it may seem.

 

a10: Einarsdóttir, Þorgerður, et al. “The Politics of Diversity: Social and Political Integration of Immigrants in Iceland.” Icelandic Review on Politics & Administration, vol. 14, no. 1, Jan. 2018, p. 131. EBSCOhost, library.smcvt.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edb&AN=130292783&site=eds-live&scope=site.

This source is an article that outlines a statistical study done by researchers at the University of Iceland to try to discover the social and political status of immigrants in Iceland compared to the status of native Icelanders. They surveyed pools of Icelanders and non-Icelanders (mostly from Poland, Lithuania, and the Philippines) and had them answer questions related to political status/ideas of power in relation to the government, what it means to be a good citizen, and how they would rank themselves on a social scale in comparison to other people in Iceland. I used the results and analysis of the study in both the rifts/tension question as well as in the cultural sovereignty section. I was able to relate a lot about what we talked about in class to what I was seeing in the study, especially the part where the pool had to respond to the statement about how much they feel like their voice is heard by the government and how much power they feel like they have to make change.