Vertical Articulation of Individual
Grade Expectations for Mathematics
Vermont‘s Framework of Standards and Learning Opportunities 

Standard  M:3 Multiple Meanings of the Operations.

Introduction:

Conceptual knowledge of the basic four  operations (add, subtract, multiply, and divide)  while Standard M:4 refers to the procedural knowledge of the algorithmic part of the operations. 

Kindergarten

MK: 3   Demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations involving addition and subtraction by solving problems involving  situations in which one adds to, takes from.

First grade

M1: 3   Demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations involving addition and subtraction by solving problems involving situations in which one adds to, takes from, puts together, and takes apart, or adds.

Second grade

M2: 3 Demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations involving addition and subtraction of whole numbers by solving problems involving joining actions, separating actions, part-part-whole relationships, and comparison situations; and addition of multiple one-digit whole numbers. (See Appendix A.)

Third grade

M3: 3 Demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations by describing or illustrating the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction of whole numbers; and the relationship between  repeated addition and multiplication using models, number lines, or explanations.

Fourth grade

M4: 3  Demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations by describing or illustrating the relationship between repeated subtraction and division (no remainders); the inverse relationship between multiplication and division of whole numbers; or the addition  or subtraction of positive fractional numbers with like denominators using models, number lines, or explanations.

Fifth grade

M5: 3 Demonstrates conceptual understanding of mathematical operations by describing or illustrating the meaning of a remainder with respect to division of whole numbers using models, explanations, or solving problems.

Sixth Grade

M6: 3 Demonstrates understanding of mathematical operations by describing or illustrating the meaning of a power by representing the relationship
          between the base (whole number) and the exponent (whole number) (e.g., 3³ , 4³); and the effect on the magnitude of a whole number when
          multiplying or dividing it by a whole number, decimal, or fraction.M(N&O)–6–3

Seventh Grade

M7: 3 Demonstrates conceptual understanding of operations with integers, exponents, and square roots of perfect square numbers and nonperfect
         square numbers using models, diagrams, or explanations.

Eighth Grade

M8: 3 No M8: 3 at this grade level

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