Vertical Articulation of Individual
Grade Expectations for Mathematics
Vermont‘s Framework of Standards and Learning Opportunities 

Standard  M:26 Probability: Combinations and Outcomes

Introduction: 

Standard M:26 focuses on the conceptual understanding of combinations and possible outcomes in probability.

Kindergarten

MK: 26   No MK: 26 at this grade level.

First Grade

M1: 26   No M1: 26 at this grade level

Second Grade

M2: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems involving combinations using a variety of strategies (e.g., student diagrams, organized lists,
 tables, tree diagrams, or others); (e.g., “How many ways can you make 50 cents using nickels, dimes, and quarters?”) M(DSP)–2–4

Third grade

M3: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems in context to determine possibilities using a variety of strategies (e.g., student diagrams, organized lists,
  tables, tree diagrams, or others); (e.g., “How many ways can you make 50 cents using nickels, dimes, and quarters?”
 Given a map—“How many different ways can you go from point. A to B?”)

Fourth Grade

M4: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems in context involving combinations or simple permutations (e.g. given a map, determines the number of
 paths from point A to point B) using a variety of strategies (e.g. organized lists, tables, tree diagrams, or others). M(DSP)–4–4

Fifth grade

M5: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems in context involving combinations using a variety of strategies (e.g., organized lists, tables, tree diagrams,
 or others); or determines the possible outcomes for a sample space that contains equally likely outcomes.

Sixth Grade

M6: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems in context involving combinations or simple permutations using a variety of strategies (e.g.,
           organized lists, tables, tree diagrams, models, Fundamental Counting Principle, or^sc others). M(DSP)–6–4

Seventh Grade

M7: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems in context involving combinations using a variety of strategies (e.g., organized lists, tables, tree
           diagrams, area models, Fundamental Counting Principle, or^sc others); or determines the possible outcomes for a sample space that may or
           may not contain equally likely outcomes.

 Eighth Grade

M8: 26 Uses counting techniques to solve problems in context involving combinations or permutations using a variety of strategies (e.g., organized
           lists, tables, tree diagrams, models, Fundamental Counting Principle, or^sc others).

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