Vertical Articulation of Individual
Grade Expectations for Mathematics
Vermont‘s Framework of Standards and Learning Opportunities 

Standard  M:19 Pattern and Relationships

Introduction: 

Standard M:19 focuses on the identification of pattern and relationships in mathematics. Mathematics is the science of pattern.

Kindergarten

MK: 19  Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns including sequences of shapes, sounds, movement, colors, letters, and
numbers by extending the pattern to the next one, two, or three elements.

First Grade

M1: 19   Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns including sequences of shapes, sounds, movement, colors, letters, and
 numbers by extending the pattern to the next one, two, or  three elements.

Second Grade

M2: 19: Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear  and non-numeric) represented in models, tables, or sequences by 
extending the pattern to the next element, or finding a missing element (e.g., 2, 4, 6, ___, 10). M(F&A)–2–1

Third grade

M3: 19 Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear and non-numeric) represented in models, tables, or sequences by
          extending the pattern to the next one, two, or three elements, or finding missing elements. M(F&A)–3–1

Fourth Grade

M4: 19 Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear and nonlinear) represented in models, tables or sequences; and
  writes  a rule in words or symbols to find the next case. M(F&A)–4–1

Fifth grade

M5: 19 Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear and nonlinear) represented in models, tables, sequences, or in problem situations;
and writes a rule in words or symbols for finding specific cases of a linear relationship. M(F&A)–5–1

Sixth Grade

M6: 19 Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear and nonlinear) represented in models, tables, sequences, graphs, or in
           problem situations; or writes a rule in words or symbols for finding specific cases of a linear relationship; or writes a rule in words or^sc
           symbols for finding specific cases of a nonlinear relationship; and writes an expression or^sc equation using words or^sc symbols to express the
           generalization of a linear relationship (e.g., twice the term number plus 1 or^sc 2 n + 1).M(F&A)–6–1

Seventh Grade

M7: 19 Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear and nonlinear) represented in models, tables, sequences, graphs, or in
           problem situations; and generalizes a linear relationship using words and symbols; generalizes a linear relationship to find a specific case; or
           writes an expression or^sc equation using words or^sc symbols to express the generalization of a nonlinear relationship.M(F&A)–7–1

 Eighth Grade

M8: 19 Identifies and extends to specific cases a variety of patterns (linear and nonlinear) represented in models, tables, sequences, graphs, or in
           problem situations; and generalizes a linear relationship (nonrecursive explicit equation); generalizes a linear relationship to find a specific
           case; generalizes a nonlinear relationship using  words or^sc symbols; or generalizes a common nonlinear relationship to find a specific case.

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