RS 120  Christianity: Past and Present

Sections I & J


Spring Semester 2002

Professor James Byrne

 

Office: St. Edmund’s 223

 X2759, jbyrne@smcvt.edu

 

Office hours:

Tuesdays and Wednesdays: 10.30am-12.00pm

and by appointment

 

 

 

1. What is this course about?

 

This course is about the major world religion known as Christianity. It is open to students of any religious point of view. We will study Christian origins, beliefs, hisTORRy, practices and disputes.

 

 

2. What Reading Material Is Required?

You will need:

1.      A copy of The Christian Theological Tradition (Catherine A. Cory and David T. Landry, eds). Abbreviated in the outline as TCTT. Available in the booksTORRe.

2.      A Bible with both the Hebrew scriptures (‘Old Testament’) and the Christian scriptures (‘New Testament’). Recommended editions are: The New Jerusalem Bible or The Revised Standard Version or The New American Bible. Warning: not all versions of the Bible are suitable for university level work; ask my advice if you are in doubt about the copy you have.

·         You will be unable to take the course without access to these two items.

·         Some other shorter pieces of reading (mostly primary texts)  will be distributed throughout the semester. You should keep these in a suitable file and note which topic to which they refer. You will need to read these texts for your assessment.

 

 

3. What Does The Course Involve For The Student 

You should be ready for the following:

·         Attendance: you are expected to attend all sessions unless you are absent for a good reason such as illness. I expect full attendance at each class; the only exceptions are documented illness or serious personal reasons. If possible, you should let me know before class if there is a serious reason why you cannot attend. Missing more than one un-excused class will affect your final grade.

·         Punctuality: You should aim to be in the classroom 5 minutes before the start. If you are persistently late your grade will be reduced and you will risk failing the class participation section of the course.

·       Class reading: you are expected to come to class with the reading for that day already done. Making notes (1-2 pages) on the reading is strongly recommended; for each class you should bring with you the notes which you take on the reading, plus any questions, problems or issues which the reading raised for you.

·       Active participation: you must be prepared to participate actively in the class. This means:

·       having the reading done and notes made

·       active listening (i.e. showing that you are listening)

·       making notes during class

·       asking questions

·       active in group discussions

·      

Some tips on reading texts:

o        read each text several times and make notes on the main points as you go; use a dictionary to check the meaning of words you do not understand;

o        think about the hisTORRical, personal, social and intellectual context of the author; who was s/he writing for?; why did s/he write this?; what did s/he hope to achieve?; what seems to have influenced him/her in writing this text?

o        remember that authors wish to communicate ideas, so even when something is difficult it is not impossible - the author is trying to tell you something!

o        identify the key words and ideas; if you accept the last bullet-point, then try to find out what the key idea of a passage is (it may not be the most obvious one) and see if you can express it in a basic way;

o        ask questions: do I agree with this?; is this consistent with other views of the same author?; is it viable as a view of the world?; is it logically coherent?

o        make connections: how does this thinker or passage relate to things you have already studied or know?

·         Discussion: classes will generally be a mixture of input from me, group discussion, general question and answer sessions, etc. Taking this course will not be a passive experience. You will not be forced to speak, but you should be ready to discuss ideas with me and with others members of the class. I will sometimes provide questions to help you with the reading. These may be given to you one class in advance or handed out during class as a basis for discussion.

Some tips on group work and discussion:

o        be sure that you know the names of everyone in your group, that you can see and hear them and that you are all sitting comfortably (not in a straight line!);

o        listen carefully to what someone is saying and try to respond to it (if you do this other people will quickly respond to you); while someone else is talking try not to be thinking of what you are going to say next;

o        don’t be afraid to disagree, politely but firmly; don’t be afraid of saying what you think - your opinion matters and you can take risks without feeling that you are getting things wrong (although it can happen!);

o        respect other people’s views; even if you can’t agree with them you can learn a great deal from them. Remember, an opinion is a belief or assessment backed up by reasons; beliefs or assessments without reasons are simply prejudices.

·       Special needs: please let me know if you have any special learning needs or if there is any facTORR which could interfere with your work on this course. You will have my full support in your learning.

·       Note: I do not permit eating in class (but drinks are okay).

 


 

Class Number & Date

Topic and Reading

Note that for some Chapters I have indicated selected pages (in parentheses). You should aim to read the whole Chapter but the required reading for that Chapter is in parentheses. If in doubt read all of the Chapter.

1. Jan. 15

  • ·        Introduction to the Christian Religion; The study of religion and questions of method.

2. Jan. 17

  • ·      The Hebrew Bible (‘Old Testament’) & the creation sTORRy in the Book of Genesis.

Reading 1: TCTT    Chapter 1 (pp.1-4) & Introduction to Part 1, 'The Old Testament' (pp. 13-16).

Reading 2 :  TCTT Chapter 2 (pp. 18-20)  and The Book of Genesis 1:1 - 3:24.

3. Jan 22

  • ·         The religious beliefs of the ancient Israelites.

Reading 1: TCTT Chapter 3 

Reading 2:The Book of Genesis Chapters 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22 & The Book of Exodus Chapters 1-14 (this reading is also relevant to Paper 1).

4. Jan. 24

 

  • ·         Developments in the religious hisTORRy of Israel. Why did some Jews expect a Messiah?

Reading1: TCTT Chapter 4 (pp. 49-55) & Chapter 5 (pp. 62-68) 

Reading 2: Psalms 22 & 137 & Isaiah 52:13 – 53:12 & The Gospel of Mark Chapter 15.

5. Jan. 29

  • ·         Introduction to the Christian Scriptures (‘New Testament’).

Reading 1: TCTT Introduction to Part 2, 'The New Testament'  & Chapter 6 

Reading 2: Gospel of Mark, Chapters 1- 6 & Gospel of Luke, Chapters 3 & 4.

6. Jan. 31

 

  • ·       Who was Jesus Christ? Recent scholarship on the hisTORRical Jesus.

Reading 1: John Dominic Crossan, ‘Who is Jesus?’ (on reserve in the Library)

 Reading 2: Gospel of Mark, Chapters 11-15 & Gospel of Matthew, Chapter 25.  

Site of interest: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/

PBS Website for the series From Jesus to Christ

 

7. Feb. 5

  • ·       How did one group within 1st c. Judaism become a separate religion?

Reading 1: TCTT Chapter 7 

Reading 2: Acts of the Apostles 2:1-13, 37-47 & 9:1-41 and Paul’s Letter to the Romans, Chapters 5 & 6.

8 Feb. 7

  • ·       How did Christianity become the dominant religion of Late Antiquity?

Reading: TCTT Introduction to Part 3 and Chapter 8.

9. Feb. 12

  • ·         The Imperial Church and the development of Christian Beliefs.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 9 and the Nicene Creed http://www.mit.edu/~tb/anglican/intro/lr-nicene-creed.html

10. Feb. 14

  •           Augustine of Hippo.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 10 and extracts from Saint Augustine’s Confessions

11. Feb. 19

  •         Mid-Semester examination (in class).

12. Feb. 21

  •         Eastern Orthodox Christianity.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 11.

 

Spring Break (Week of February 22)

13. Mar. 5

  •          Islam

Reading: TCTT Chapter 12.

14. Mar. 7

  • ·         Early Medieval Christianity.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 13.

15. Mar. 12

  • ·         The High Middle Ages and the Crusades.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 14.

16. Mar. 14

  • ·         Thomas Aquinas.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 15.

17. Mar. 19

  • ·         Late Medieval Christianity and background to the Reformations .

Reading: TCTT Chapters 16 & 17.

 

18. Mar. 21

  • ·         The Protestant Reformation: Luther and his key ideas.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 18.

 

19. Mar. 26

  • ·         The Protestant Reformation: Calvin and the Radical Reformation.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 19.

 

20. Mar. 28

  • ·         The Catholic Reformation.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 20.

21. Apr. 2

  •     The Global Expansion of Christianity.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 21.

22. Apr. 4

  •       The Enlightenment Challenge to Christianity.

Reading: Handouts on the Enlightenment & TCTT Chapter 22 (pp. 319-29).

23. Apr. 9

  •      The Challenge of Modernity.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 22 (pp. 329-339) and handouts on 19th c. atheism.

24. Apr. 11

  • ·       Roman Catholicism from the Reformation to the Second Vatican Council.

Timeline (handout) and Pope Pius IX’s Syllabus of Errors (please print).

25. Apr. 16

  • The Second Vatican Council.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 24 (360-67) and handouts.

26. Apr. 18

  • Christianity in the USA;

Reading: TCTT Chapter 23.

27. Apr. 23

  • Liberation theology, black and feminist theology.

Reading: TCTT Chapter 24 (370-77) and handouts.

28. Apr. 25

  • Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity; Christianity Around the World Today.

Reading: Handouts.

29. Apr. 30

  • Review, revision and preparation for the final exam.  

  • Final Exams:

    • Section I, Saturday May 4, 1pm

    • Section J, Monday May 6, 1pm

 


 

Assessment

  1. Class participation: 10 % (A friendly warning: I take this very seriously; if you fail this you fail the course)
  2. 4 papers (3 pages): 60% (15% each)
  3. 2  short-answer exams (1 mid-term and 1 final):15% each

Remember! All of this must be your own work: the SMC Academic Integrity Policy will be enforced on this course.

 


Topics for Papers

 

1. a) Explain how the Books of Genesis and Exodus present the establishment of the covenant between God and the people of Israel. 

or

b) Explain the role and importance of the prophets in Ancient Israel.

or

c) Explain  the impact of the Babylonian Exile and, later, the return from the Exile on the people of Judah and those who came to be known as Jews.

In each of these answers you should show your knowledge of the biblical texts by using short biblical quotations ("in quotation marks like those surrounding this sentence") and reference them immediately after the quotation (e.g. Exodus 3:6) DUE:  31 January

2. Using at least two sources other than the textbook, write an account in you own words of one of the following: a) The Beliefs and Practices of Muslims and how they are similar to, or differ from, the beliefs  and practices of Christians; b) The Distinguishing Characteristics of Eastern Orthodox Christian Churches; c) The Tragedy of the Crusades. DUE: 19 March

3. Using at least three sources other than the textbook, explain the significance of one of the following in the Reformation: a) Martin Luther and the indulgence controversy; b) John Calvin and the Calvinist Church; c) the Anabaptists and Other Radical Reformers; d) the Council of Trent and the Catholic Reformation. DUE:  9 April

4. Using at least four sources write an account in your own words of the origins and core beliefs of one of the following groups:

A) Seventh Day Adventists; B) Jehovah’s Witnesses; C) Mormons;

D) Christian Scientists; E) Amish. DUE: 25 April