Works Citied

Articles

1. Cole, Herbert. "Secular Arts of Voluntary Organizations." The Arts of Ghana (1977): 170-199.

2. Drewal, Henry John. "Mami Wata Shrines: Exotica and the Construction of Self." African Material Culture (1996): 308-332.

3. Gore, Charles. "Practice and Agency in Mammy Wata Worship in Southern Nigeria." African Arts (1997): 60-69.

4. Rush, Dana. "Eternal Potential Chromolithographs in Vodunland." Arican Arts (1999): 61-75.

5. Salmons, Jill. "Mammy Wata." Mammy Water Group in a Canoe (1990): 8-15.

6. Wintrob, Ronald. "Mammy Water: Folk Beliefs and Psychotic Elaborations in Liberia." Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal 15(1970): 143-157.

Books

1. Jenkins, Della. The Art of Mamy Wata: A popular Water Spirit Found Among the Igbo of Southeast Nigeria. 1st Ed. Santa Barbara: University of California, 1985.

2. Landau, Paul, Deborah D. Kaspin. Images and Empires: Visuality in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa.1st Ed. Los Angeles: University of California     Press, 2002. (Drewal 193-232)

3. Olupona, Jacob. African Spirituality. 1. New York: The Crossroad Publishing Company, 2000. (Wicker 198-222)

Images

Devotees

•  Landau, Paul, Deborah D. Kaspin. Images and Empires: Visuality in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa.1st Ed. Los Angeles: University of California     Press, 2002. (Drewal 193-232)

Exotic Foreigners

• Center for Peace and Global Citzenship. Haverford College. 10 May 2006 <http://www.haverford.edu/CPGC/Edited%20Photos/world.gif>.

Fertility and Wealth Images

• Jenkins, Della. The Art of Mamy Wata: A popular Water Spirit Found Among the Igbo of Southeast Nigeria. 1st Ed. Santa Barbara: University of California, 1985.
• Beads Wild. 06022006. Beads Wild. 10 May 2006 <http://www.artwild.com/Pics/CowrieShells/3005-001-001.jpg>.

Homepage

• Neuenschwander, Ronna. "Pacini Lubel." 2004. 10 May 2006 <http://www.pacinilubel.com/artists/images/neuenschwander/mami_wata.jpg>.

Liberia

• Kells, Maud. "Your Place and Mine." 06/2005. 10 May 2006 <http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/yourplaceandmine/images/co-tyrone/cookstown/congo_nurse/congo-map.jpg>.
• Map of Liberia. Lonely Planet. 10 May 2006 <http://www.lonelyplanet.com/mapimages/africa/liberia/liberia.gif>.

Masquerades

•   Durchbach, Mama Zogbe.  "West African & Diaspora."  Mami Wata. 2006 Hounon Amengansi.  11 May 2006. http://www.mamiwata.com/mamiwata_group_beach.jpg

Music

• http://www.nigeria-arts.net/Music/Highlife/Sir_Victor_Uwaifo/uwaifo.gif

Origins

• "University of Texas Libraries." Map of Europe. 06/01/2006. 10 May 2006 <http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/europe_95.jpg>.

Sculptures

• Karibou. North Tyneside Art Studio. 10 May 2006 <http://www.artstudio.cc/small%20Omar%20Rassidou.%20%20Ceramic%20Mami%20Wata.%20%20KARIBU%20@%20North%20Tyneside%20.jpg>.
• Jenkins, Della. The Art of Mamy Wata: A popular Water Spirit Found Among the Igbo of Southeast Nigeria. 1st Ed. Santa Barbara: University of California, 1985.

Shrines

• Landau, Paul, Deborah D. Kaspin. Images and Empires: Visuality in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa.1st Ed. Los Angeles: University of California     Press, 2002. (Drewal 193-232)

Snakes and Water

• Landau, Paul, Deborah D. Kaspin. Images and Empires: Visuality in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa.1st Ed. Los Angeles: University of California     Press, 2002. (Drewal 193-232)

Spirits and Diviners

• Landau, Paul, Deborah D. Kaspin. Images and Empires: Visuality in Colonial and Postcolonial Africa.1st Ed. Los Angeles: University of California     Press, 2002. (Drewal 193-232)

Variations of Images

• "Mami Wata." Wikipedia. 2005. Wikimedia. 10/05/2006 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mami_Wata>.
• http://www.missionaridafrica.org/archivio_rivista/2004-06/vodon-1.jpg
• "Cooperacion en Togoville." La Salle. 25062005. 10 May 2006 <http://www.lasalle.es/pesquero/africa_18_mami_wata_01.jpg>.